Political scientists play a crucial role in analyzing political systems, trends, and policies. This career offers opportunities to influence decision-making processes and contribute to society’s understanding of governance and public affairs. If you’re considering a career in political science, this guide will help you understand the profession, the pathway to success, and how to determine if it’s the right choice for you.
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What Does a Political Scientist Do?
Political scientists specialize in studying the development and functioning of political systems. They investigate public policies, political ideologies, government structures, and international relations. Their work often involves critical analysis, research, and the presentation of findings to inform policymakers, organizations, or the general public.
Responsibilities of a Political Scientist
- Conduct Research: Study political systems, trends, and behavior to understand and predict societal changes.
- Analyze Policies: Evaluate the impact of laws and regulations on various populations or institutions.
- Develop Theories: Formulate ideas about political power, governance, and social change based on data and historical context.
- Advise Decision-Makers: Provide recommendations to policymakers, government agencies, and non-governmental organizations.
- Publish Findings: Share insights through articles, reports, and presentations to academic, governmental, and public audiences.
Key Areas of Specialization
- Comparative Politics: Examining and comparing political systems across countries.
- International Relations: Analyzing interactions between nations, including diplomacy, trade, and conflict.
- Political Theory: Exploring philosophical questions about governance, justice, and liberty.
- Public Policy: Assessing the effectiveness of laws and policies in addressing societal issues.
What Is the Working Environment for a Political Scientist?
Political scientists work in various settings, each with unique demands and opportunities.
Typical Workplaces
- Government Agencies: Many political scientists are employed by federal, state, or local governments, advising on policies and programs.
- Think Tanks and Research Institutes: These organizations focus on policy analysis and advocacy.
- Colleges and Universities: Teaching and conducting academic research is a common path for political scientists.
- International Organizations: Roles in global institutions like the United Nations or World Bank often involve international policy analysis.
- Private Sector: Corporations hire political scientists to help navigate regulatory environments and understand geopolitical risks.
Work Schedules and Demands
- Full-Time Roles: Most political scientists work standard full-time hours, though deadlines and project demands can extend workdays.
- Travel Requirements: International or domestic travel may be necessary for field research, conferences, or policy consultations.
- Collaborative Projects: Many roles involve teamwork, requiring coordination with colleagues across disciplines.
How Do You Become a Political Scientist?
Becoming a political scientist requires education, skills, and relevant experience.
1. Earn a Bachelor’s Degree
Start with a bachelor’s degree in political science, international relations, or a related field. Coursework typically includes political theory, comparative politics, and research methods.
2. Pursue a Master’s or Doctorate
Most political scientist roles require an advanced degree:
- Master’s Degree: Often sufficient for government think tanks or advocacy organizations positions.
- Ph.D.: Necessary for academic roles or high-level research positions.
3. Gain Practical Experience
Internships, research assistantships, and volunteer roles in political campaigns or public service provide hands-on experience.
4. Develop Essential Skills
- Analytical Thinking: Critical for interpreting data and forming conclusions.
- Communication: Necessary for presenting findings clearly and persuasively.
- Quantitative Analysis: Skills in statistics and data modeling are increasingly valued.
For more information on educational programs, visit American Political Science Association.
What Is the Salary of a Political Scientist?
Political scientists earn competitive salaries, with variations depending on experience, education, and location.
- Median Annual Salary (2023): $125,350 (Source: BLS).
- Top Earners: Political scientists in senior roles or high-demand sectors can earn over $170,000 annually.
- Entry-Level Positions: Starting salaries are typically around $62,000 to $75,000.
What Is the Labor Market for a Political Scientist?
The demand for political scientists is steady, with employment opportunities tied to government funding, global affairs, and policy research needs.
- Job Growth (2023-2033): Projected at 6%, about as fast as the average for all occupations (Source: BLS).
- Key Employers: Government agencies, think tanks, and educational institutions.
- Competitive Edge: Advanced degrees and specialization in high-demand areas like data analysis or international relations improve job prospects.
What Are the Pros and Cons of Being a Political Scientist?
Pros
- Intellectual Fulfillment: Opportunities to engage in meaningful research and debate.
- Diverse Career Paths: Roles in academia, government, or private sectors.
- Influential Work: Potential to shape public policy and societal outcomes.
- Competitive Salary: Above-average earnings compared to many professions.
Cons
- High Entry Barriers: Requires advanced education and substantial experience.
- Pressure to Deliver Results: Deadlines and the importance of research outcomes can be stressful.
- Funding Dependence: Research roles often rely on grants or government budgets, which fluctuate.
- Limited Job Growth: Moderate demand compared to other professions.
What Are the Jobs Related to a Political Scientist?
Political scientists have skills that are transferable to several related professions:
- Sociologist: Study social behaviors, structures, and systems to understand societal trends.
- Economist: Analyze economic data and trends to inform policy and business strategies.
- Policy Analyst: Focus on evaluating the impact of policies and suggesting improvements.
- Urban Planner: Develop strategies for land use and community development.
- International Relations Specialist: Manage diplomatic efforts and analyze global political dynamics.
Political Scientist – An Investigative Career Path
Political Scientist is a career that fits within the Holland Investigative and Enterprising types. Holland types, called Holland Codes or RIASEC, are six personality categories that match people’s interests and traits with compatible career paths. You can learn your three-letter code by taking the Career Fit Test™.
Investigative-Enterprising careers are suited for individuals who enjoy analyzing data, understanding complex systems, and influencing policies or decisions. Political Scientists study the origin, development, and operation of political systems, public policies, and governments. They conduct research, interpret political trends, and provide insights for institutions, think tanks, and government agencies. This career is ideal for critical thinkers who enjoy research, writing, and applying their findings to shape policy or advise leaders on strategic decisions.
Comprehensive List of Investigative Careers
Below are many more investigative careers. Also, see our article, How to Choose Investigative Careers.
- Aerospace Engineer
- Agricultural Engineer
- Agricultural Inspector
- Allergist
- Anesthesiologist
- Anesthesiologist Assistant
- Animal Scientist
- Anthropologist and Archeologist
- Astronomer
- Atmospheric and Space Scientist
- Audiologist
- Biochemist or Biophysicist
- Biofuels Product Development Manager
- Bioinformatics Scientist
- Bioinformatics Technician
- Biologist
- Biology Professor
- Biostatistician
- Cardiologist
- Chemical Technician
- Chemist
- Chemistry College Professor
- Chiropractor
- Civil Engineering Technologist or Technician
- Climate Scientist
- Clinical Neuropsychologist
- Clinical Research Coordinator
- Commercial Diver
- Computer and Information Research Scientist
- Computer Network Architect
- Computer Systems Analyst
- Conservation Scientist
- Coroner
- Cytogenetic Technologist
- Cytotechnologist
- Data Scientist
- Dental Laboratory Technician
- Dentist
- Dermatologist
- Detective and Criminal Investigator
- Digital Forensics Analyst
- Driller
- Economist
- Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assembler
- Electrical Engineering Technologist or Technician
- Electromechanical Equipment Assembler
- Emergency Medicine Physician
- Endoscopy Technician
- Environmental Economist
- Environmental Engineer
- Environmental Restoration Planner
- Environmental Science and Protection Technician
- Epidemiologist
- Financial Quantitative Analyst
- Food Scientist
- Forensic Science Technician
- Genetic Counselor
- Geneticist
- Geographer
- Geothermal Technician
- Health and Safety Engineer
- Health Informatics Specialist
- Hearing Aid Specialist
- Historian
- Histotechnologist
- Human Factors Engineer
- Hydrologist
- Industrial Ecologist
- Intelligence Analyst
- Internal Medicine Physician
- Locomotive Engineer
- Materials Scientist
- Mathematician
- Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologist
- Medical Appliance Technician
- Medical Dosimetrist
- Medical Equipment Preparer
- Medical Scientist
- Natural Sciences Manager
- Naturopathic Physician
- Neurodiagnostic Technologist
- Neurologist
- Neuropsychologist
- Nurse Practitioner
- Obstetrician and Gynecologist
- Operating Engineer
- Operations Research Analyst
- Ophthalmologist
- Orthopedic Surgeon
- Orthoptist
- Paralegal
- Pathologist
- Pediatric Surgeon
- Penetration Tester
- Pharmacist
- Photonics Engineer
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physician
- Physicist
- Podiatrist
- Precision Agriculture Technician
- Preventive Medicine Physician
- Psychiatric Aide
- Psychiatric Nurse
- Psychiatric Technician
- Psychiatrist
- Quality Assurance Inspector
- Quality Control Analyst
- Radiologist
- Remote Sensing Scientist and Technologist
- Sociologist
- Software Developer
- Software Quality Assurance Analyst
- Soil and Plant Scientist
- Sports Medicine Physician
- Statistician
- Survey Researcher
- Sustainability Specialist
- Systems Engineer
- Transportation Inspector
- Urologist
- Urban Planner
- Validation Engineer
- Veterinary Technologist
- Water Resource Specialist
- Web Developer
- Web Interface Designer
- Zoologist and Wildlife Biologist
To determine which careers best fit you, take a career test such as the Career Fit Test™.
What Types of Jobs Can a Political Scientist Pursue?
Political scientists can pursue roles beyond academia and research, including:
- Lobbyist: Advocate for policies on behalf of organizations or interest groups.
- Political Consultant: Advise candidates and parties on campaign strategies.
- Public Relations Specialist: Shape public perception of organizations or political figures.
- Nonprofit Manager: Oversee initiatives focused on social or political change.
What Websites Are Best for Finding Political Scientist Jobs?
- USAJOBS: Federal government opportunities.
- Indeed: Comprehensive job listings across sectors.
- LinkedIn: Networking and job search platform.
- APSAnet: Job board for political science professionals.
- Idealist: Nonprofit and advocacy-focused roles.
How Do I Know If I Should Be a Political Scientist?
Choosing a career in political science requires careful self-reflection and exploration of your skills, interests, and values. Below are two strategies to help determine if political science is the right path for you.
Use a Career Aptitude Test
One of the most effective ways to assess your suitability for a career as a political scientist is by taking a career aptitude test, such as the Free Career Fit Test™. This career test evaluates your unique strengths and aligns them with potential career paths, providing personalized insights into the transferable, personal, and content skills required for success in political science.
The Career Fit Test™ also identifies your transferable, personal, and content skills.
1. Identify Transferable Skills
Political scientists rely on versatile skills that can be applied across various fields, including:
- Researching: The ability to collect, analyze, and interpret data is essential for conducting in-depth studies on political systems, voter behavior, and public policy.
- Critical Thinking: Evaluating complex political issues and proposing evidence-based solutions.
- Presenting Findings: Communicating research outcomes effectively to diverse audiences, including policymakers, academics, and the public.
2. Assess Personal Skills
Your personality traits play a significant role in determining your success and satisfaction as a political scientist. Key traits include:
- Analytical: A natural curiosity to delve into details and uncover patterns in political systems.
- Detail-Oriented: Precision in analyzing policies, laws, and data ensures the credibility of your findings.
- Collaborative: Working with teams on research projects or consulting with stakeholders demands strong interpersonal skills.
3. Evaluate Content Skills
The Career Fit Test™ also examines your expertise in specific content areas that align with political science, such as:
- Governance: Understanding the structure and functioning of government institutions.
- Policy-Making: Analyzing how laws and policies are developed and their societal impacts.
- International Relations: Exploring global political dynamics and the relationships between nations.
The insights from the Career Fit Test™ can help you determine if you possess the foundational skills and traits for a career in political science or identify areas to strengthen for future success.
Conduct Informational Interviews
Another valuable strategy is to speak with practicing political scientists to gain firsthand insights into the profession. Informational interviews allow you to explore their experiences, daily responsibilities, and long-term career trajectories. Here are some questions you might ask during these interviews:
- What motivated you to pursue a career in political science?
- What are the most rewarding and challenging aspects of your work?
- How does your work impact public policy or governance?
- What skills and qualities are essential for success in this field?
By engaging with professionals, you’ll gain a realistic understanding of the field and the steps needed to excel in it.
Explore Job Shadowing Opportunities
If possible, arrange to shadow a political scientist in their workplace. This hands-on experience can provide a closer look at the tasks, tools, and environments you’ll encounter in the role, helping you decide if it aligns with your career aspirations.
Is Political Science the Right Fit for You?
Combining the results of the Career Fit Test™ with insights from informational interviews and job shadowing can give you a comprehensive view of whether a career in political science matches your skills, interests, and long-term goals. Assessing these factors will set you on the right path toward a fulfilling and impactful career.
Reflect on Your Interests
Political science may be a good fit if you enjoy analyzing data, debating policies, and understanding societal structures.
How Can I Learn More About a Career as a Political Scientist?
Learning about a career as a political scientist involves exploring reliable resources and engaging with professionals in the field. Below are several ways to deepen your understanding:
Explore Online Resources
- O*NET Online: Provides comprehensive information on the responsibilities, skills, and education required for political scientists.
- American Political Science Association (APSA): APSA is a leading organization offering resources, publications, and networking opportunities for aspiring political scientists. Visit their website at apsanet.org.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS): Visit the BLS website for up-to-date information on job outlook, salary data, and industry trends.
Join Professional Associations
- American Political Science Association (APSA): Joining APSA can give you access to academic journals, professional development opportunities, and connections to seasoned professionals in the field.
Attend Conferences and Seminars
Participating in conferences allows you to network with professionals and stay updated on the latest research and trends in political science. Many universities and professional organizations host such events.
Conclusion
A career as a political scientist offers the opportunity to impact society through research, analysis, and advising on policies that shape the world. If you’re passionate about understanding political systems, enjoy analyzing data, and aspire to contribute to meaningful change, this career path might be right for you.
To assess whether political science aligns with your strengths and interests, consider taking the Free Career Fit Test™. This career test evaluates your transferable, personal, and content skills, providing tailored recommendations for careers that suit you best.
With dedication to education and professional growth, you can embark on a fulfilling career as a political scientist and contribute to the global understanding of politics and governance.