How to Become an Anthropologist and Archeologist: Is it the Right Career for You?

Anthropologist and Archeologist Career Video

If you’re fascinated by human history, cultures, and civilizations, becoming an Anthropologist or Archeologist might be a fulfilling career path. These professions involve uncovering and interpreting the past, studying human societies, and applying this knowledge to contemporary issues. Below, you’ll find a comprehensive guide on how to pursue a career in these fields.

Is a Career as an Anthropologist or Archeologist Right for You?

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What Does an Anthropologist and Archeologist Do?

Anthropologists and archaeologists study human beings but approach their research from different perspectives. While anthropology seeks to understand human culture, behavior, and evolution, archaeology focuses on uncovering and analyzing physical evidence from the past.

Anthropologists: Understanding Human Societies

Anthropologists study humans, both past and present, to better understand how societies develop, interact, and change over time. They explore cultural traditions, languages, biological adaptations, and social structures to gain insight into human life. Their work is often divided into several subfields:

  • Cultural Anthropology – Studies contemporary human cultures, traditions, and social behaviors.
  • Biological (Physical) Anthropology – Examines human evolution, genetics, and primatology.
  • Linguistic Anthropology – Investigates how language influences culture and human communication.
  • Applied Anthropology – Uses anthropological research to solve real-world problems in business, healthcare, and social policy.

Anthropologists conduct ethnographic studies, interview individuals, analyze historical records, and apply their findings in academic, corporate, or governmental settings.

Archaeologists: Uncovering the Past

Archaeologists study ancient and historical human societies by examining material remains such as artifacts, architecture, bones, and environmental data. Through careful excavation and analysis, they reconstruct how past civilizations lived, their technological advancements, and their cultural practices.

Archaeology is often divided into specializations, such as:

  • Prehistoric Archaeology – Examines societies that existed before written records.
  • Historical Archaeology – Studies civilizations with written documentation.
  • Underwater Archaeology – Explores submerged sites, including shipwrecks and ancient settlements.
  • Zooarchaeology – Analyzes animal remains to understand human diets, domestication, and ecosystems.
  • Forensic Archaeology – Assists in criminal investigations and mass grave excavations.

Key Responsibilities of Anthropologists and Archaeologists

Though their methods and focuses differ, both professions involve research, analysis, and preservation efforts. Their responsibilities may include:

✅ Conducting field research and excavations in diverse environments.
✅ Analyzing artifacts, fossils, and skeletal remains to draw conclusions about past human life.
✅ Documenting findings through reports, publications, and academic papers.
✅ Using advanced technology such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), LiDAR scanning, and radiocarbon dating to analyze data.
✅ Collaborating with museums, universities, government agencies, and cultural institutions to preserve historical sites and artifacts.
✅ Consulting on cultural heritage protection, environmental projects, and urban development to ensure ethical and sustainable practices.

Whether studying ancient civilizations or modern societies, anthropologists and archaeologists play a vital role in preserving and interpreting human history.

What is the Working Environment Like for an Anthropologist and Archeologist?

The work environment for these professionals varies based on their specialization:

  • Fieldwork: Archeologists spend significant time outdoors conducting excavations in remote areas. This work can be physically demanding and requires adaptability to different climates and conditions.
  • Laboratories: Anthropologists and archeologists analyze their findings in labs, where they examine artifacts, conduct tests, and prepare reports.
  • Academic Institutions: Many professionals work as professors or researchers, teaching students and conducting independent studies.
  • Museums and Cultural Organizations: Some work involves curating exhibits, preserving artifacts, and engaging with the public.

How Do You Become an Anthropologist or Archeologist?

To pursue a career in anthropology or archeology, you’ll need a mix of education, practical experience, and passion for human history.

  1. Earn a Bachelor’s Degree: Start with an undergraduate degree in anthropology, archeology, history, or a related field. Courses may include cultural anthropology, archeological methods, ancient civilizations, and statistical analysis.
  2. Gain Practical Experience: Look for opportunities to participate in fieldwork, internships, or volunteer programs. Many universities and research organizations offer field schools that provide hands-on experience.
  3. Pursue a Master’s or Doctorate Degree: A master’s or Ph.D. is often required for advanced positions, particularly in academia or research. Graduate studies focus on specialized research, data analysis, and in-depth studies of specific cultures or periods.
  4. Develop Technical Skills: Modern archeology and anthropology rely on technologies like GIS mapping, 3D modeling, and genetic analysis. Gaining proficiency in these tools can enhance your employability.
  5. Certifications and Memberships: Consider joining professional organizations such as the American Anthropological Association (AAA) or the Society for American Archaeology (SAA). Membership can provide access to conferences, publications, and networking opportunities.

What is the Salary of an Anthropologist and Archeologist?

The average salary for these professions varies by industry, experience, and location.

  • According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual wage for Anthropologists and Archeologists was approximately $66,130 as of 2023.
  • Entry-level positions may start at around $40,000, while those with advanced degrees and years of experience in academia or consulting can earn over $100,000 annually.

What is the Labor Market for Anthropologists and Archeologists?

Government funding, environmental impact studies, and the growth of heritage preservation projects influence the demand for Anthropologists and Archeologists.

  • According to the BLS, employment in these fields is projected to grow 6% from 2022 to 2032, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
  • Opportunities are expanding in consulting firms, cultural resource management (CRM), and government agencies.

What Are the Pros and Cons of Being an Anthropologist and Archeologist?

Pros:

  • Fascinating Work: Exploring historical sites and discovering artifacts can be thrilling for those passionate about history.
  • Contributing to Knowledge: Your research can impact our understanding of human cultures and history.
  • Variety in Work: The blend of fieldwork, lab analysis, and academic study ensures no two days are the same.

Cons:

  • Physically Demanding: Fieldwork can involve long hours in challenging environments.
  • Job Competition: Academic positions and research grants can be highly competitive.
  • Funding Constraints: Many projects depend on external funding, which can be unpredictable.

What Are the Jobs Related to An Anthropologist and Archeologist?

If you’re interested in related fields, consider exploring careers such as:

  • Cultural Resource Manager: Involves preserving and managing cultural heritage sites.
  • Museum Curator: Focuses on acquiring, preserving, and exhibiting historical artifacts.
  • Forensic Anthropologist: Uses anthropological knowledge to solve criminal cases.
  • Archivist: Manages collections of historical documents and records.

For a detailed look at other careers, visit O*NET Online.

What Types of Jobs Can Anthropologists and Archeologists Pursue?

Anthropologists and Archeologists have diverse career options, including:

  • Academic Research: Teaching at universities and conducting independent studies.
  • Government Agencies: Working with the National Park Service, Environmental Protection Agency, or state preservation offices.
  • Non-Profit Organizations: Focused on cultural preservation, international development, or social justice.
  • Private Sector: Consulting firms, particularly in cultural resource management, environmental assessments, or heritage conservation.

How Do I Know If I Should Be an Anthropologist or Archeologist?

Deciding whether a career as an Anthropologist or Archeologist is right for you involves assessing your interests, skills, and core values. Here’s a deeper exploration of how you can determine if this career aligns with your passions and strengths.

1. Do You Have a Fascination with Human Cultures and History?

Anthropologists and Archeologists are deeply curious about how humans lived in the past and how societies have evolved. This career could be a perfect fit if you are intrigued by ancient civilizations, cultural practices, or how human behaviors have changed over the centuries. Professionals in this field are driven by a genuine desire to understand humanity’s origins, cultural diversity, and historical developments.

Ask yourself:

  • Do you love reading about ancient civilizations, historical events, or cultural studies?
  • Are you fascinated by how human societies differ and what influences those differences?

2. Are You Passionate About Scientific Research and Analysis?

This career requires a strong foundation in research methodology, data analysis, and critical thinking. Anthropologists and Archeologists often engage in fieldwork, collect data, and analyze their findings to conclude past human activities or social structures. This could be ideal if you enjoy solving puzzles, uncovering hidden patterns, and applying scientific principles to answer complex questions.

Ask yourself:

  • Do you enjoy conducting research, whether it’s through reading, fieldwork, or experiments?
  • Are you comfortable using statistical software, GIS mapping, or laboratory techniques?

3. Do You Have the Patience and Perseverance for Long-Term Projects?

A career in anthropology or archeology often involves lengthy projects spanning months or years. Excavating sites, analyzing artifacts, or conducting ethnographic research can require patience, meticulous attention to detail, and the ability to work on the same project for extended periods. This career might be rewarding if you thrive on seeing a project through to completion, even when it requires persistence.

Ask yourself:

  • Can you stay focused on long-term goals, even if progress seems slow?
  • Do you enjoy working in environments where attention to detail and thoroughness are key?

4. Are You Comfortable Working in Varied Environments?

The work of Anthropologists and Archeologists is diverse; it can take you from classrooms to remote dig sites. You may spend months in a lab analyzing artifacts or travel to remote areas to conduct fieldwork. Being adaptable and comfortable with indoor and outdoor work is crucial.

Consider:

  • Are you open to traveling, sometimes to remote or challenging locations?
  • Do you enjoy both desk-based analysis and hands-on fieldwork?

Assessing Your Fit With Our Career Aptitude Test

If you’re unsure whether this career aligns with your strengths, taking a comprehensive career aptitude test like the Free Career Fit Test™ can help clarify your career direction. This tool evaluates your transferable skills, personality traits, and work preferences, helping you identify careers that fit your unique profile.

The Free Career Fit Test™ can highlight whether your research, problem-solving and cross-cultural understanding skills align with the demands of anthropology or archeology. It also assesses whether you would thrive in environments requiring patience, adaptability, and critical thinking.

Practical Steps to Explore Your Interest

If you’re leaning toward this career but want to gain more confidence in your decision, here are a few practical steps:

  1. Conduct Informational Interviews and Shadow a Professional: Contact Anthropologists or Archeologists in universities, museums, or research organizations to learn about their day-to-day activities.
  2. Volunteer or Intern: To gain hands-on experience, consider participating in archeological digs, museum internships, or research projects.
  3. Take Online Courses: Enroll in anthropology, archeology, or cultural studies to get a feel for the subject matter.

How Can I Learn More About a Career as an Anthropologist and Archeologist?

If you’re interested in exploring this career further, here are some resources:

These organizations can provide additional guidance, resources, and support as you explore your potential career in anthropology or archeology.

Conclusion

Ultimately, deciding to pursue a career in anthropology or archeology is a personal journey that involves self-reflection, exploration, and practical experiences. By leveraging career tests like the Free Career Fit Test™, you can gain deeper insights into whether this fulfilling yet challenging career fits you. To learn more about the day-to-day realities of these professions, visit resources like O*NET Online or professional associations such as the American Anthropological Association (AAA) or the Society for American Archaeology (SAA).